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`-=[]โŸจโŸฉ\;',./~!@#$%^&*()_+{}|:"<>? ๐‘Ž๐‘๐‘๐‘‘๐‘’๐‘“๐‘”โ„Ž๐‘–๐‘—๐‘˜๐‘™๐‘š๐‘›๐‘œ๐‘๐‘ž๐‘Ÿ๐‘ ๐‘ก๐‘ข๐‘ฃ๐‘ค๐‘ฅ๐‘ฆ๐‘ง ร…โ€‰โˆ’โ€‚ร—โ€ƒโ‹…โˆ“ยฑโˆ˜๊žŠ๏นฆโˆ—โˆ™ โ„ฏ ๐”ธ๐”นโ„‚๐”ป๐”ผ๐”ฝ๐”พโ„๐•€๐•๐•‚๐•ƒ๐•„โ„•๐•†โ„™โ„šโ„๐•Š๐•‹๐•Œ๐•๐•Ž๐•๐•โ„ค๐ด๐ต๐ถ๐ท๐ธ๐น๐บ๐ป๐ผ๐ฝ๐พ๐ฟ๐‘€๐‘๐‘‚๐‘ƒ๐‘„๐‘…๐‘†๐‘‡๐‘ˆ๐‘‰๐‘Š๐‘‹๐‘Œ๐‘ โˆผโˆฝโˆพโ‰โ‰‚โ‰ƒโ‰„โ‰…โ‰†โ‰‡โ‰ˆโ‰‰โ‰Œโ‰โ‰ โ‰ก โ‰คโ‰ฅโ‰ฆโ‰งโ‰จโ‰ฉโ‰ชโ‰ซ โˆˆโˆ‰โˆŠโˆ‹โˆŒโˆ โŠ‚โŠƒโŠ„โŠ…โŠ†โŠ‡ ๐›ผ๐›ฝ๐›พ๐›ฟ๐œ€๐œ๐œ‚๐œƒ๐œ„๐œ…๐œ†๐œ‡๐œˆ๐œ‰๐œŠ๐œ‹๐œŒ๐œŽ๐œ๐œ๐œ‘๐œ’๐œ“๐œ” โˆ€โˆ‚โˆƒโˆ…โฆฐโˆ†โˆ‡โˆŽโˆžโˆโˆดโˆต โˆโˆโˆ‘โ‹€โ‹โ‹‚โ‹ƒ โˆงโˆจโˆฉโˆช โˆซโˆฌโˆญโˆฎโˆฏโˆฐโˆฑโˆฒโˆณ โˆฅโ‹ฎโ‹ฏโ‹ฐโ‹ฑ โ€– โ€ฒ โ€ณ โ€ด โ„ โ— สน สบ โ€ต โ€ถ โ€ท ๏น ๏น‚ ๏นƒ ๏น„ ๏ธน ๏ธบ ๏ธป ๏ธผ ๏ธ— ๏ธ˜ ๏ธฟ ๏น€ ๏ธฝ ๏ธพ ๏น‡ ๏นˆ ๏ธท ๏ธธ โœ   โ   โŽด  โŽต  โž   โŸ   โ    โก โ†โ†‘โ†’โ†“โ†คโ†ฆโ†ฅโ†งโ†”โ†•โ†–โ†—โ†˜โ†™โ–ฒโ–ผโ—€โ–ถโ†บโ†ปโŸฒโŸณ โ†ผโ†ฝโ†พโ†ฟโ‡€โ‡โ‡‚โ‡ƒโ‡„โ‡…โ‡†โ‡‡ โ‡โ‡‘โ‡’โ‡“โ‡”โ‡Œโ‡โ‡โ‡•โ‡–โ‡—โ‡˜โ‡™โ‡™โ‡ณโฅขโฅฃโฅคโฅฅโฅฆโฅงโฅจโฅฉโฅชโฅซโฅฌโฅญโฅฎโฅฏ
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Content

HTML
โ€ƒWhat is HTML?
โ€ƒโ€ƒExamples of Markup HTML Tags
โ€ƒHTML Document
โ€ƒโ€ƒExample of a Simple HTML Document
โ€ƒElement Tags
โ€ƒโ€ƒExamples of Element Tags
โ€ƒHTML Tagged Elements
โ€ƒโ€ƒExamples of HTML Tagged Elements
โ€ƒThe Fundamental HTML Tagged Elements of a HTML Document:
โ€ƒโ€ƒExample of a Simple Nested HTML Document:
โ€ƒ HTML Element Attributes
โ€ƒโ€ƒExamples of HTML Tagged Element Attributes
โ€ƒHTML Standards
โ€ƒw3org Website

HTML

What is HTML?

HTML is ...

  • HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language
  • HTML is not a programming language
  • HTML is a markup language with a set of markup tags
  • HTML uses markup tags to describe web pages

Examples of Markup HTML Tags

Examples of plain markup HTML tagged elements in a HTML document.
HTML Document Input:
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
    <head>
        <title>Sample Page</title>
        <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8">
    </head>
    <body>
        <h1>Tagged Element Examples:</h1>
        <h2>A Heading Markup Tag</h2>
        <p>A Paragraph Markup Tag</p>
    </body>
</html>
HTML Web Page Embedded Output:

HTML Document

A HTML document is a structured document according to a standard or specification...

  • HTML document is used to describe web page in a structual way.
  • HTML document is also commonly called web page.
  • HTML document contains HTML tags and plain text in a structured form.
  • Basic structure of a HTML document:
    • <!DOCTYPE> the HTML version information
    • <html>... </html> indicates the whole web page
    • <head>...</head> is the header of the web page
    • <body>...</body> is the content of the web page
  • Only the Body content will display on the screen
  • HTML document can save as a file with extension either ".htm" or ".html"

Example of a Simple HTML Document

Example of a Simple HTML Document:
HTML Document Input:
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
    <head>
        <title>Sample Page</title>
        <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8">
    </head>
    <body>
       <h1>HTML</h1>
       <p>A Web Page Sample</p>
    </body>
</html>
HTML Web Page Embedded Output:

Element Tags

Elements tags are elements to construct a HTML web page. For example,

  • <h1>,</h2> define font size
  • <p> defines a paragraph
  • <b> defines a font style
  • <a> defines a hyperlink
  • <img> defines a image

Examples of Element Tags

Examples of Element Tags:
HTML Document Input:
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
    <head>
        <title>Sample Page</title>
        <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8">
    </head>
    <body>
        <h1>Heading 1</h1> 
        <h2>Heading 2</h2>
        <p>Paragraph</p> 
        <p><b>Bold Text</b></p>
        <a href="http://www.sideway.hk/">Hyper Link to Sideway.hk</a>
        <p><img src="http://www.sideway.hk/images/sideway.jpg" alt="Sideway"></p>
    </body>
</html>
HTML Web Page Embedded Output:

HTML Tagged Elements

HTML element...

  • starts with an opening tag and usually end with an closing tag
  • bounds the element contents in between, and empty element is allowed
  • can includes attributes in the opening tag to provide additional information about the element
  • can be nested to form complex element or HTML document
  • is not case sensitive but lowercase tags are preferred for compatible with future versions

Examples of HTML Tagged Elements

Element with opening tag, closing tag, and element content in between.

<p>Element with closing tag</p>

Element with additional attribute, in the opening tag.

<a href="http://www.sideway.hk">Hyper Link to Sideway.hk</a>

Element with opening tag, but no element content and closing tag

<br>

Element with additional attributes in the opening tag, but no element content and closing tag

<img src="/image/sideway.jpg" alt="Sideway">

The Fundamental HTML Tagged Elements of a HTML Document:

The fundamental HTML tagged elements to form a basic HTML documents are

  • <!DOCTYPE HTML> tag
  • <html> tag
  • <head> tag: the first nested tagged element in <html> tag
  • <body> tag the last nested tagged element in <html> tag after <head> tag
  • and a <title> tag should also be nested in the <head> tag,
  • and an optional tag of charset should also be nested in the <head> tag,

Example of a Simple Nested HTML Document:

Examples of Element Tags:
HTML Document Input:
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
    <head>
        <title>Sample Page</title>
        <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8">
    </head>
    <body>
        <h1>HTML</h1>
        <p>A Web Page Sample</p>
    </body>
</html>
HTML Web Page Embedded Output:

HTML Element Attributes

HTML element attribute...

  • locates in opening tag
  • provides additional informative description about the element
  • is not case sensitive but lowercase tags are preferred for compatible with future versions

Examples of HTML Tagged Element Attributes

HyperLink Element <a> with href attribute:

<a href="http://www.sideway.hk">Go to Sideway.hk</a>

Image Element <img> with src attribute:

<img src="http://www.sideway.hk/image/sideway.jpg">

HTML Standards

Some Useful HTML References...

w3org Website

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ID: 100800025 Last Updated: 8/20/2017 Revision: 3

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